How to measure the capacitor?

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As an indispensable part of the components of our daily electrified products, capacitors are widely used in direct current isolation, coupling, bypass, filtering, tuning loops, energy conversion, control circuits, etc. Most of the reasons for the damage of electrical products may be due to the damage of the capacitor, so how should we measure the quality of the capacitor?


1. Pointer multimeter resistance file to check the quality of electrolytic capacitors

This method is suitable for capacitors with relatively low voltage resistance, such as electrolytic capacitors below 6V or 10V. First, set the pointer multimeter to the resistance position, the position is R*1K, and then connect the red test lead to the negative pole of the capacitor and the black test lead to the positive pole.

When the pointer of the multimeter changes while being connected, the pointer will oscillate, and then after the power is discharged, it will return to zero scale, or near it, if it jumps back to zero, it proves that it is good, otherwise it is bad.


2. Check the quality of aluminum electrolytic capacitors with digital multimeter diodes

This method is suitable for the breakdown of the electrolytic capacitor. Put the digital multimeter in the diode position, and connect the two test leads to the two ends of the electrolytic capacitor. At this time, pay attention to whether the digital multimeter emits drops. If there is no sound, it proves to be good.


3. Capacitance resistance test method

This method is suitable for detecting small capacitors below 10PF. It can only qualitatively check whether there is leakage, internal short circuit or breakdown phenomenon. When measuring, you can choose a multimeter R*10K file, and use two meter pens to connect to two of the capacitors. The resistance of the pin should be infinite. If the measured resistance is zero, it means that the capacitor is damaged by leakage or internal breakdown.


4. On some powerful digital multimeters, there is a capacitance test position. When we switch to the capacitance test position, the red test lead is connected to the positive electrode and the black test lead is connected to the negative electrode. If there is infinity, it means that the capacitor is disconnected. When the measured result is zero, it means that it has been broken down. A number in the normal range is normal.


5. Resonance method

Observe the data through the LC resonant circuit. If the data is wrong or the waveform is wrong, it means that the capacitor is broken.


No matter what method is used, the basic principle of the capacitor is used to monitor it. If it is separated from the basic properties to screen it, it is wrong.

aluminum electrolytic capacitor

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